Does cortisol influence core executive functions? A meta-analysis of acute cortisol administration effects on working memory, inhibition, and set-shifting.
نویسندگان
چکیده
The hormone cortisol is often believed to play a pivotal role in the effects of stress on human cognition. This meta-analysis is an attempt to determine the effects of acute cortisol administration on core executive functions. Drawing on both rodent and stress literatures, we hypothesized that acute cortisol administration would impair working memory and set-shifting but enhance inhibition. Additionally, because cortisol is thought to exert different nongenomic (rapid) and genomic (slow) effects, we further hypothesized that the effects of cortisol would differ as a function of the delay between cortisol administration and cognitive testing. Although the overall analyses were nonsignificant, after separating the rapid, nongenomic effects of cortisol from the slower, genomic effects of cortisol, the rapid effects of cortisol enhanced response inhibition, g+ = 0.113, p=.016, but impaired working memory, g+ = -0.315, p=.008, although these effects reversed over time. Contrary to our hypotheses, there was no effect of cortisol administration on set-shifting. Thus, although we did not find support for the idea that increases in cortisol influence set-shifting, we found that acute increases in cortisol exert differential effects on working memory and inhibition over time.
منابع مشابه
Response: Commentary: The effects of acute stress on core executive functions: A meta-analysis and comparison with cortisol
Dang (2017) commented on our recent meta-analysis (Shields et al., 2016) that reviewed the effects of acute stress on executive functions. A conclusion of our review was that stress impaired “cognitive inhibition” (i.e., selectively attending to or ignoring information) but enhanced “response inhibition” (i.e., inhibiting a prepotent response). Dang argued that many specific tasks1should have b...
متن کاملCommentary: The effects of acute stress on core executive functions: A meta-analysis and comparison with cortisol
متن کامل
Cognitive and physiological effects of an acute physical activity intervention in elementary school children
The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of an acute physical activity intervention that included cognitive engagement on executive functions and on cortisol level in young elementary school children. Half of the 104 participating children (6-8 years old) attended a 20-min sport sequence, which included cognitively engaging and playful forms of physical activity. The other ha...
متن کاملThe comparison of executive functions of inhibition, updating and shifting in children with ADHD and SCT
This study aimed to compare was to compare the executive functions of inhibition, updating, and shifting in children with Attention-deficit / hyperactivity disorder and Sluggish Cognitive Tempo. The design of the present study was in the frame of Casual Comparative. Participants comprised 60 boys (30 ADHD and 30 SCT) from 4th-grade elementary schools in Tabriz in 1398-1399 academic years, which...
متن کاملAcute stress and working memory in older people.
Several studies have shown that acute stress affects working memory (WM) in young adults, but the effect in older people is understudied. As observed in other types of memory, older people may be less sensitive to acute effects of stress on WM. We performed two independent studies with healthy older men and women (from 55 to 77 years old) to investigate the effects of acute stress (Trier Social...
متن کاملذخیره در منابع من
با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید
برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید
ثبت ناماگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید
ورودعنوان ژورنال:
- Psychoneuroendocrinology
دوره 58 شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 2015